Revised Framingham Stroke Risk Profile: Association with Cognitive Status and MRI-Derived Volumetric Measures

Abstract

Background: The Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) was created in 1991 to estimate 10-year risk of stroke. It was revised in 2017 (rFSRP) to reflect the modern data on vascular risk factors and stroke risk. Objective: This study examined the association between the rFSRP and cognitive and brain aging outcomes among participants from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set (UDS). Methods: Cross-sectional rFSRP was computed at baseline for 19,309 participants (mean age = 72.84, SD = 8.48) from the NACC-UDS [9,697 (50.2%) normal cognition, 4,705 (24.4%) MCI, 4,907 (25.4%) dementia]. Multivariable linear, logistic, or ordinal regressions examined the association between the rFSRP and diagnostic status, neuropsychological test performance, CDR® Sum of Boxes, as well as total brain volume (TBV), hippocampal volume (HCV), and log-transformed white matter hyperintensities (WMH) for an MRI subset (n = 1,196). Models controlled for age, sex, education, racial identity, APOE ɛ4 status, and estimated intracranial volume for MRI models. Results: The mean rFSRP probability was 10.42% (min = 0.50%, max = 95.71%). Higher rFSRP scores corresponded to greater CDR Sum of Boxes (β= 0.02, p = 0.028) and worse performance on: Trail Making Test A (β= 0.05, p < 0.001) and B (β= 0.057, p < 0.001), and Digit Symbol (β= –0.058, p < 0.001). Higher rFSRP scores were associated with increased odds for a greater volume of log-transformed WMH (OR = 1.02 per quartile, p = 0.015). No associations were observed for diagnosis, episodic memory or language test scores, HCV, or TBV. Conclusion: These results support the rFSRP as a useful metric to facilitate clinical research on the associations between cerebrovascular disease and cognitive and brain aging.