The Relationship of Anthropometric and Physical Performance Characteristics on Competitive Success in Amateur, Elite, and Professional Rodeo Athletes

Abstract

AbstractOranchuk, DJ, Gullett, LK, Kicia, M, Thome, B, and Game, A. The relationship of anthropometric and physical performance characteristics on competitive success in amateur, elite, and professional rodeo athletes.J Strength Cond Res37(7): 1495–1506, 2023—Reference anthropometric and physical performance qualities can improve understanding of sporting needs and streamline preparation and rehabilitation programs. However, these data and their relationships with competitive success are absent in rodeo athletes. We hypothesized that riding performance would be most correlated with hip adductor, neck, and grip strength, whereas jump, reactive strength index (RSI), and change of direction abilities would best predict bull-fighting performance. Forty-three amateur (n= 9), professional (n= 23), or internationally ranked (n= 11) male rodeo athletes (bareback = 9, bull riders = 16, saddle bronc = 7, bullfighters = 11) (26.8 ± 5.6 years) volunteered for this study. Anthropometrics included body mass, height, and body fat percentage. Performance measures included isometric hip adduction and abduction, neck flexion and extension, handgrip strength, squat and countermovement jump heights, eccentric utilization ratio, reactive strength index, change of direction, bike sprints, and several pneumatic power measures. Bullfighters were taller and heavier than bull riders (effect size [ES] = 0.84–0.87,p= 0.008–0.017). Bull riders were leaner than bullfighters (ES = 0.74,p= 0.012). Fighters had greater RSI than riders (ES = 0.73–1.47,p< 0.001–0.030). Competitive level of rodeo riders (n= 32) correlated with age, rodeo experience (ρ = 0.37–0.43,p= 0.013–0.049), bent-leg abduction (ρ = 0.43,p= 0.014), straight-leg hip adduction and abduction (ρ = 0.49–0.56,p< 0.001–0.005), neck flexion force (ρ = 0.43,p= 0.016), and rotational power (ρ = 0.50,p= 0.004). The competitive level of the fighters correlated with age (ρ = 0.64,p= 0.036) and time trial performance (ρ = −0.76,p= 0.006). This is the first study providing normative and correlational strength and power performance data in a rodeo population. These data highlight the need for more event-specific physical preparation. Riders should focus their physical preparation on hip and neck strength and rotational power. Bullfighters should prioritize stiffness and anaerobic power.