Effects of Isocaloric Resistance, Aerobic, and Concurrent Exercise on Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption in Older Adults

Abstract

Abstract Pilon, R, Matos-Santos, L, Matlez, MP, Rodrigues, G, Amorim, F, Lattari, E, Farinatti, P, and Monteiro, W. Effects of isocaloric resistance, aerobic, and concurrent exercise on excess postexercise oxygen consumption in older adults. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 755–761, 2024—Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is a major determinant of exercise-related caloric expenditure and metabolic adaptations. Exercise modality may influence the EPOC, but this issue has not been investigated in older adults. This study compared the EPOC after isocaloric bouts of continuous aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), and concurrent exercise (CE) in older individuals. Ten subjects (5 men; 73 ± 6 years) had their cardiorespiratory data assessed during AE, RE, and CE and along 30-minute postexercise recovery. Total energy expenditure (EE) during exercise was similar (p > 0.05) in AE (126.0 ± 30.7 kcal), RE (123.9 ± 30.6 kcal), and CE (130.8 ± 32.6 kcal), with different times to achieve the targeted EE (RE: 61.4 ± 1.9 minutes > CE: 43.3 ± 5.6 minutes > AE: 26.6 ± 5.7 minutes; p < 0.001). Consistently, the relative intensity during exercise was superior (p < 0.05) in AE (74 ± 15% oxygen uptake reserve [VO2R]) vs. CE (43 ± 13% VO2R) vs. RE (24 ± 9% VO2R). Despite the isocaloric conditions, average EPOC and EE were approximately 45% greater (p < 0.001) in AE (8.0 ± 2.3 L; 40.1 ± 11.7 kcal) vs. RE (5.6 ± 1.2 L; 28.1 ± 5.8 kcal) and CE (5.4 ± 2.3 L; 26.9 ± 11.5 kcal). In conclusion, the EPOC was greater after isocaloric AE vs. RE and CE performed by older adults. Exercise intensity seemed to be a more important determinant of EPOC than volume reflected by EE during exercise bouts. Moderate-intensity continuous AE was more time-efficient than RE and CE to achieve a target EE. In older individuals, AE should be preferred over RE or CE when the purpose is to increase the daily caloric expenditure.