Advances in neonatal brain imaging: A comparative analysis of MRI, CT scans, and ultrasound

Abstract

This scholarly investigation undertakes a comprehensive comparison of the diagnostic efficacy, precision, and sensitivity associated with neonatal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in contrast to its counterparts, Computed Tomography (CT) scans and ultrasound. As the medical community has progressively become attuned to the long-term health implications of radiation exposure from CT scans, the imperative of a strategy mitigating this risk has gained prominence. In this context, ultrasound emerges as an alternative modality devoid of ionizing radiation. Employing a methodical approach rooted in systematic literature review, this study synthesizes five pertinent research works to unravel its research objectives. Empirical evidence substantiates that neonatal brain MRI surpasses both neonatal brain CT and ultrasound in diagnostic effectiveness. The underpinning rationale for this phenomenon lies in the heightened accuracy inherent to neonatal brain MRI procedures. To unravel the intricacies associated with disparities between neonatal and adult brain MRI procedures, the study meticulously investigates structural, shape, and size distinctions. This endeavor underscores the necessity for bespoke MRI apparatuses designed to account for these nuances. In pursuit of this objective, the integration of technologically advanced components such as compact scanners and refinements in magnetic and coil technologies has engendered tangible improvements. This innovation confluence bears testimony to the augmentation of patient safety, conferring a cascade effect wherein the precision of acquired MRI data underwrites accurate diagnoses and consequent therapeutic interventions. Conclusively, the study underscores the pivotal role played by recent MRI technological advancements in amplifying its efficacy within the niche domain of neonatal brain imaging. Prospective innovations within the MRI ambit stand poised to recalibrate performance benchmarks, thereby amplifying its diagnostic potency and broadening its scope of application.