Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

Abstract

CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) have attracted extensive attention and research because of their superior mechanical properties, such as higher ductility, strength, and toughness. This study uses molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the cutting behavior of a gradient nanograined (GNG) CoCrNi MEA. Moreover, it explores the influence of relative tool sharpness and rake angle on the cutting process. The results show that an increase in the average grain size of the GNG samples leads to a decrease in the average resultant cutting force, as predicted by the Hall–Petch relationship. The deformation behavior shows that grain boundaries are crucial in inhibiting the propagation of strain and stress. As the average grain size of the GNG sample increases, the range of shear strain distribution and average von Mises stress decreases. Moreover, the cutting chips become thinner and longer. The subsurface damage is limited to a shallow layer at the surface. Since thermal energy is generated in the high grain boundary density, the temperature of the contact zone between the substrate and the cutting tool increases as the GNG size decreases. The cutting chips removed from the GNG CoCrNi MEA substrates will transform into a mixed structure of face-centered cubic and hexagonally close-packed phases. The sliding and twisting of grain boundaries and the merging of grains are essential mechanisms for polycrystalline deformation. Regarding the cutting parameters, the average resultant force, the material accumulation, and the chip volume increase significantly with the increase in cutting depth. In contrast to sharp tools, which mainly use shear deformation, blunt tools remove material by plowing, and the cutting force increases with the increase in cutting-edge radius and negative rake angle.