Stability of Soluble Adhesion Molecules, Selectins, and C-Reactive Protein at Various Temperatures: Implications for Epidemiological and Large-Scale Clinical Studies

Abstract

Abstract Background: We assessed the impact of sample storage conditions on soluble vascular cell adhesion molecules (sVCAM), soluble intracellular adhesion molecules (sICAM-1), soluble (s)E-selectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and sP-selectin. Methods: Markers were measured by ELISA in venous blood from 10 healthy volunteers on aliquots stored as plasma or whole blood at 4, 21, or 30 °C for 1–5 days and after 1–5 freeze-thaw cycles. We compared results on these samples to results for samples processed immediately and stored at −80 °C. Statistical models assessed time-related effects and effects of postprocessing conditions. Results: Using an upper limit of 10% variation from baseline with P >0.05, we found that stability duration in plasma was 5 days for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 and at least 2 days for sE-selectin at 4, 21, and 30 °C and 5 days for CRP at 4 and 21 °C and 1 day at 30 °C. Stability duration in whole blood was 5 days for sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 and at least 2 days for sE-selectin at 4, 21, and 30 °C and 5 days for CRP at 4 and 21 °C and 2 days at 30 °C. sP-selectin was not stable in plasma or whole blood. sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, CRP, and sE-selectin were stable after 5 freeze-thaw cycles. Conclusions: sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and CRP are stable in plasma or whole blood at 4 and 21 °C for at least 3 days and sE-selectin for 2 days. sP-selectin is not stable and therefore requires immediate assay.