Role of HLA-DP Expression in Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Unrelated Donor Transplantation

Author:

Petersdorf Effie W.12,Bengtsson Mats3,De Santis Dianne4,Dubois Valerie5,Fleischhauer Katharina6,Gooley Ted1,Horowitz Mary78,Madrigal J. Alejandro9,Malkki Mari1,McKallor Caroline1,Morishima Yasuo10,Oudshoorn Machteld1112,Spellman Stephen R.13,Villard Jean14,Stevenson Phil1,Carrington Mary1516, ,

Affiliation:

1. Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA

2. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA

3. Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden

4. PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia

5. Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhône Alpes, site de Lyon, Décines, France

6. Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

7. Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Milwaukee, WI

8. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI

9. Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom

10. Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan

11. Leiden University Medical Centre, Department Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden, the Netherlands

12. Matchis Foundation, Leiden, the Netherlands

13. Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, Minneapolis, MN

14. Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland

15. Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD

16. Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA

Abstract

PURPOSE The main aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of HLA-DPB1 expression in acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1–matched and –mismatched unrelated donors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 1, 2017, and January 10, 2019, we assessed 19,136 patients who received HCT from an HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1–matched or –mismatched unrelated donor performed in Australia, the European Union, Japan, North America, and the United Kingdom between 1988 and 2016. Among transplant recipients with one HLA-DPB1 mismatch, the patient’s mismatched HLA-DPB1 allotype was defined as low or high expression. Multivariable regression models were used to assess risks of GVHD associated with high expression relative to low expression HLA-DPB1 mismatches. The effect of increasing numbers of HLA-DPB1 mismatches on clinical outcome was assessed in HLA-mismatched transplant recipients. RESULTS In HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1,-DQB1–matched transplant recipients, donor mismatching against one high-expression patient HLA-DPB1 increased moderate (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; P = .001) and severe acute GVHD (OR, 1.32; P = .0016) relative to low-expression patient mismatches, regardless of the expression level of the donor’s mismatched HLA-DPB1. Among transplant recipients with one HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, or -DQB1 mismatch, the odds of acute GVHD increased with increasing numbers of HLA-DPB1 mismatches (OR, 1.23 for one; OR, 1.40 for two mismatches relative to zero mismatches for moderate GVHD; OR, 1.19 for one; OR, 1.40 for two mismatches relative to zero for severe GVHD), but not with the level of expression of the patient’s mismatched HLA-DPB1 allotype. CONCLUSION The level of expression of patient HLA-DPB1 mismatches informs the risk of GVHD after HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1–matched unrelated HCT, and the total number of HLA-DPB1 mismatches informs the risk of GVHD after HLA-mismatched unrelated HCT. Prospective consideration of HLA-DPB1 may help to lower GVHD risks after transplantation.

Publisher

American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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