Exercise Across the Cancer Care Continuum: Why It Matters, How to Implement It, and Motivating Patients to Move

Abstract

Annually, nearly 2 million people are diagnosed with cancer. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Strong evidence supports exercise in the prevention of seven different types of cancers. Among cancer survivors, exercise across the cancer care continuum is effective at reducing various treatment-related adverse effects, such as fatigue, anxiety, and depression, and improves quality of life, physical function, sleep, and bone health. Considering the benefits of exercise for people living with and beyond cancer, there are several models to facilitate the implementation of exercise as part of the cancer care plan. These models span clinically supervised settings to supervised and nonsupervised community-based settings. Barriers such as payment and workforce development prevent the implementation of these programs nationwide. Oncology providers and cancer care team members also play an important role in promoting exercise to cancer survivors. In fact, a salient theme for motivating survivors to engage in exercise is support from their medical oncologist. Resources and tools are available to help the cancer care team motivate survivors to engage in exercise, such as enhancing enjoyment of the activity, goal-setting, self-monitoring, and social support. Together, exercise is beneficial across the cancer care continuum, and action can be taken right now to facilitate patient and survivor engagement in exercise.