Chronologic changes in the clinicopathologic findings and survival of gastric cancer patients.

Abstract

PURPOSE To determine the chronologic changes in the clinicopathologic features of gastric cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The clinicopathologic findings of 1,795 patients with gastric cancer were examined retrospectively from hospital records obtained between 1969 and 1995. The patients were divided into three generations on the basis of chronologic order. The first generation included patients treated over the period 1969 to 1977; the second generation, 1978 to 1986; and the third generation, 1987 to 1995. RESULTS The chronologic changes in the clinicopathologic findings for all gastric cancers included increases in the superficial type based on macroscopic appearance (P < .005), small-sized tumor (P < .025), superficial depth of invasion (P < .005), and earlier histologic stages (P < .005), in addition to a decrease in lymph node metastasis (P < .005). Overall, the postoperative survival rate has improved over time in gastric cancer patients, with 5-year survival rates of 36.0%, 53.3%, and 68.6% in the first, second, and third generations, respectively. In stages 1,2, and 3, the survival rate in the third generation was the highest of the three generations, whereas in stage 4, the survival rate did not differ between the three generations. Patients who underwent a D2 dissection showed a higher survival rate than those with D1 or D3 dissections, but there was no statistical difference in the survival of patients with D1, D2, and D3 dissections when stage 4 patients were excluded. CONCLUSION The chronologic changes in gastric cancer patients over the past 27 years have included an increase in the incidence of earlier-staged gastric cancers, which has had a significant impact on the improved postoperative survival rate.