Trends, Patterns, and Treatment Outcomes of Cancer Among Older Patients in Jordan: A Retrospective Analysis of National Cancer Registry and Institutional Outcome Data

Abstract

PURPOSE Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and the second leading cause of mortality in Jordan and worldwide. Because of their age and comorbidities, older patients may receive suboptimal cancer therapy. This article addresses trends in cancer incidence and reports key treatment outcomes in this age group. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study using data obtained from the national Jordan Cancer Registry (JCR) and our institutional cancer registry. The first data set reports only on demographics, whereas the second data set reports also on treatment outcomes. Older patients were defined as those age 65 years or older at time of diagnosis. RESULTS Between 2001 and 2015, a total of 19,397 older patients were diagnosed with cancer, representing 29.8% of the total 65,050 patients with cancer diagnosed during this time. More men than women developed cancer, and colorectal, breast, lung, prostate, and bladder cancers were the most commonly reported cancers. Among this age group over the 15-year study period, cancer diagnoses increased by a rate of 77%, much higher than the 55% increment among all ages during the same study period. The 5-year survival rate for all of the 3,821 older patients diagnosed, treated, and followed up at our institution was 33% but varied by stage (63% for stage I disease and 14% for stage IV disease). CONCLUSION Cancer diagnoses among older patients are increasing at a rate higher than that of all ages and much higher than the witnessed increase in Jordanian population in same age group, which highlights the importance of looking for factors other than just aging to explain this increase. Strategies to offer better care for this rapidly expanding group are highly needed.