Triplet Combination With Irinotecan Plus Oxaliplatin Plus Continuous-Infusion Fluorouracil and Leucovorin as First-Line Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Phase II Trial

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of irinotecan (CPT-11) in combination with oxaliplatin (l-OHP) plus fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin (LV) (de Gramont regimen) as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (MCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients with MCC who had not received prior therapy for metastatic disease were enrolled. Their median age was 60 years; performance status (World Health Organization) was 0 in 12, 1 in 14, and 2 in five patients; 19 patients (61%) had prior surgery, and 14 (45%) had adjuvant chemotherapy. CPT-11 was administered on day 1 at 150 mg/m2 as a 90-minute intravenous (IV) infusion; l-OHP was administered on day 2 at 65 mg/m2 as a 2-hour IV infusion; and on days 2 and 3, LV 200 mg/m2 preceded 5-FU administration of 400 mg/m2/d initial IV bolus dose followed by 600 mg/m2/d 22-hour IV continuous infusion. The regimen was repeated every 2 weeks. RESULTS: All patients were assessable for toxicity and 30 for response to treatment. Complete response was achieved in two patients (6.5%) and partial response in 16 (51.6%) (overall response rate, 58.1%; 95% confidence interval, 40.7% to 75.4%); eight patients (25.8%) had stable disease, and five (16.1%) had disease progression. The median duration of response was 9 months, and the median time to disease progression was 13 months. Neutropenia grade 3 to 4 occurred in 14 patients (45%) and febrile neutropenia in two (6%). Diarrhea grade 3 to 4 was observed in 10 patients (32%), neurotoxicity grade 3 to 4 in three (9%), and asthenia grade 3 in two (10%). No treatment-related death has occurred. CONCLUSION: The triplet combination of 5-FU/LV + CPT-11 + l-OHP is a highly active regimen with manageable toxicity as front-line treatment in MCC.