Phase III, Randomized Study of Dual Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Blockade With Lapatinib Plus Trastuzumab in Combination With an Aromatase Inhibitor in Postmenopausal Women With HER2-Positive, Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Updated Results of ALTERNATIVE

Author:

Johnston Stephen R. D.1,Hegg Roberto2,Im Seock-Ah3,Park In Hae4,Burdaeva Olga5,Kurteva Galina6,Press Michael F.7,Tjulandin Sergei8,Iwata Hiroji9,Simon Sergio D.10,Kenny Sarah11,Sarp Severine11,Izquierdo Miguel A.11,Williams Lisa S.12,Gradishar William J.13

Affiliation:

1. The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom

2. Centro de Referência da Saúde da Mulher, São Paulo, Brazil

3. Seoul National University Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

4. National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea

5. Regional Oncology Dispensary, Arkhangelsk, Russia

6. University Cancer Center Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria

7. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

8. N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia

9. Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan

10. Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil

11. Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland

12. Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom

13. Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL

Abstract

PURPOSE Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeting plus endocrine therapy (ET) improved clinical benefit in HER2-positive, hormone receptor (HR)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) versus ET alone. Dual HER2 blockade enhances clinical benefit versus single HER2 blockade. The ALTERNATIVE study evaluated the efficacy and safety of dual HER2 blockade plus aromatase inhibitor (AI) in postmenopausal women with HER2-positive/HR-positive MBC who received prior ET and prior neo(adjuvant)/first-line trastuzumab (TRAS) plus chemotherapy. This updated article reflects minor numerical corrections in some secondary efficacy analyses that resulted from programming errors and that do not change the major conclusions of the study. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive lapatinib (LAP) plus TRAS plus AI, TRAS plus AI, or LAP plus AI. Patients for whom chemotherapy was intended were excluded. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS; investigator assessed) with LAP plus TRAS plus AI versus TRAS plus AI. Secondary end points were PFS (comparison of other arms), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and safety. RESULTS Three hundred fifty-five patients were included in this analysis: LAP plus TRAS plus AI (n = 120), TRAS plus AI (n = 117), and LAP plus AI (n = 118). Baseline characteristics were balanced. The study met its primary end point; superior PFS was observed with LAP plus TRAS plus AI versus TRAS plus AI (median PFS, 11 v 5.6 months; hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.88]; P = .0063). A consistent PFS benefit was observed in predefined subgroups. ORR, CBR, and OS also favored LAP plus TRAS plus AI. The median PFS with LAP plus AI versus TRAS plus AI was 8.3 versus 5.6 months (hazard ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.62 to 1.17]; P = .3159). Common adverse events (AEs; ≥ 15%) with LAP plus TRAS plus AI, TRAS plus AI, and LAP plus AI were diarrhea (69%, 9%, and 51%, respectively), rash (36%, 2%, and 28%, respectively), nausea (22%, 9%, and 22%, respectively), and paronychia (30%, 0%, and 15%, respectively), mostly grade 1 or 2. Serious AEs were reported similarly across the 3 groups, and AEs leading to discontinuation were lower with LAP plus TRAS plus AI. CONCLUSION Dual HER2 blockade with LAP plus TRAS plus AI showed superior PFS benefit versus TRAS plus AI in patients with HER2-positive/HR-positive MBC. This combination offers an effective and safe chemotherapy-sparing alternative treatment regimen for this patient population.

Publisher

American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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