Genomic Profiling of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Never-Smokers

Author:

Devarakonda Siddhartha12ORCID,Li Yize134,Martins Rodrigues Fernanda134ORCID,Sankararaman Sumithra1,Kadara Humam5,Goparaju Chandra6,Lanc Irena7,Pepin Kymberlie1ORCID,Waqar Saiama N.12,Morgensztern Daniel12ORCID,Ward Jeffrey12ORCID,Masood Ashiq8ORCID,Fulton Robert3,Fulton Lucinda3ORCID,Gillette Michael A.9ORCID,Satpathy Shankha9ORCID,Carr Steven A.9ORCID,Wistuba Ignacio5,Pass Harvey6,Wilson Richard K.10ORCID,Ding Li1231112,Govindan Ramaswamy12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO

2. Siteman Cancer Center, St Louis, MO

3. McDonnell Genome Institute, St Louis, MO

4. Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO

5. MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

6. New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY

7. Gyroscope Therapeutics, St Louis, MO

8. Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL

9. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA

10. Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH

11. Department of Genetics, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO

12. Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO

Abstract

PURPOSE Approximately 10%-40% of patients with lung cancer report no history of tobacco smoking (never-smokers). We analyzed whole-exome and RNA-sequencing data of 160 tumor and normal lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) samples from never-smokers to identify clinically actionable alterations and gain insight into the environmental and hereditary risk factors for LUAD among never-smokers. METHODS We performed whole-exome and RNA-sequencing of 88 and 69 never-smoker LUADs. We analyzed these data in conjunction with data from 76 never-smoker and 299 smoker LUAD samples sequenced by The Cancer Genome Atlas and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium. RESULTS We observed a high prevalence of clinically actionable driver alterations in never-smoker LUADs compared with smoker LUADs (78%-92% v 49.5%; P < .0001). Although a subset of never-smoker samples demonstrated germline alterations in DNA repair genes, the frequency of samples showing germline variants in cancer predisposing genes was comparable between smokers and never-smokers (6.4% v 6.9%; P = .82). A subset of never-smoker samples (5.9%) showed mutation signatures that were suggestive of passive exposure to cigarette smoke. Finally, analysis of RNA-sequencing data showed distinct immune transcriptional subtypes of never-smoker LUADs that varied in their expression of clinically relevant immune checkpoint molecules and immune cell composition. CONCLUSION In this comprehensive genomic and transcriptome analysis of never-smoker LUADs, we observed a potential role for germline variants in DNA repair genes and passive exposure to cigarette smoke in the pathogenesis of a subset of never-smoker LUADs. Our findings also show that clinically actionable driver alterations are highly prevalent in never-smoker LUADs, highlighting the need for obtaining biopsies with adequate cellularity for clinical genomic testing in these patients.

Publisher

American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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