Exploring the Concordance Between High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections in Cervical and Oral Sites Among Females: A Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab, Pakistan

Author:

Minhas Sadia1ORCID,Kashif Muhammad2ORCID,Idrees Muhammad3,Ansari Farheen4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Oral Pathology, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan

2. Department of Oral Pathology, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan, Pakistan

3. Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), The University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

4. Department of Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract

PURPOSE Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely recognized as a key contributing factor in cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. However, there has been limited research on the prevalence of concurrent HPV infections in various anatomic regions. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and specific types of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections in the cervical and oral regions of females in Punjab, Pakistan. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving women seeking care for general gynecologic issues at the gynecologic Outpatient Department of Lady Wallington Hospital in Lahore. After interviews and clinical examinations, we collected whole-saliva samples and high vaginal swabs from each participant. HR-HPV detection and genotyping were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction at both the anatomic sites. RESULTS In this study, 170 females, averaging 35.36 ± 8.305 years, participated. HR-HPV infection was more prevalent in the cervix (83/170 [48.8%]) than in the oral cavity (19/170 [11.2%]). Concordant HPV infections occurred in 10/170 participants (5.9%). HPV 16 was the most common genotype in cervical and oral locations, at rates of 21.8% and 5.3%, respectively, among concordant HR-HPV types. Socioeconomic status ( P = .013), age at first sexual intercourse ( P = .015), and history of oral sex ( P = .01) were significantly associated with concurrent HR-HPV infection in both regions. CONCLUSION This study suggests that HR-HPV cervical infections may increase the risk of oral transmission, especially during orogenital sexual practices. Thus, it is important to recognize that HPV infections may be linked in both areas. We emphasize the importance of comprehensive cervical and oral examinations and HPV vaccination in young women irrespective of their sexual practices.

Publisher

American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

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