Screening for human urinary bladder carcinogens: two-year bioassay is unnecessary

Author:

Cohen Samuel M.12345ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology

2. Department of Pathology and Microbiology

3. University of Nebraska Medical Center

4. Omaha

5. USA

Abstract

Screening for carcinogens in general, and for the urinary bladder specifically, traditionally involves a two-year bioassay in rodents, the results of which often do not have direct relevance to humans with respect to mode of action (MOA) and/or dose response.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology

Reference53 articles.

1. Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis

2. Epidemiology and etiology of bladder cancer

3. D. B. Clayson and E. H.Cooper , Cancer of the urinary tract , in Advances in Cancer Research , ed. G. K. a. S. Weinhouse , Academic Press, Inc. , New York , 1970 , vol. 13 , pp. 271–381

4. Searches for ultimate chemical carcinogens and their reactions with cellular macromolecules

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