Multistage torrefaction and in situ catalytic upgrading to hydrocarbon biofuels: analysis of life cycle energy use and greenhouse gas emissions

Author:

Zaimes George G.123,Beck Andrew W.123,Janupala Rajiv R.453,Resasco Daniel E.453,Crossley Steven P.453,Lobban Lance L.453,Khanna Vikas123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh

2. Pittsburgh

3. USA

4. School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma

5. Norman

Abstract

Well-to-wheel (WTW) life cycle assessment (LCA) of multistage torrefaction and in situ catalytic upgrading: overview of unit operations, modeling tools, and data sources.

Funder

U.S. Department of Energy

Publisher

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Subject

Pollution,Nuclear Energy and Engineering,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Environmental Chemistry

Reference111 articles.

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2. Extinction risk from climate change

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4. O. Edenhofer , R.Pichs-Madruga, Y.Sokona, E.Farahani, S.Kadner, K.Seyboth, A.Adler, I.Baum, S.Brunner and P.Eickemeier, Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014, pp. 511-597

5. EPA, Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2013, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 2015

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