Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS)

Abstract

ICP MS is a versatile routine analytical tool utilized in diverse fields. It comprises MS coupled with argon ICP. The key features of the technique include rapid analysis time, appreciably low detection limit, relatively clean mass spectra, rapid scanning of the selected mass range between m/z 0 and 260 and data processing. A simple method of sample solution introduction as well as introduction of solid or gaseous samples with compatible interfaces like laser ablation (LA) or gas chromatography (GC), high spectral resolution (up to 10 000) enable isotopic analysis and meets the large sample throughput demand. The technique has almost a 9 order linear dynamic analytical range, high precision, multi-elemental capability, high sensitivity (pg mL−1) even for refractory elements like Nb, Ta, Zr, REE, high selectivity and high accuracy. Semi quantitative analysis is possible for 80 elements. Besides, the technique has remarkable hyphenation efficiency with flow injection analysis, high performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis enabling elemental speciation. In short, ICP MS is an analytical technique with unparalleled potentiality but for the poor tolerance of non-volatile total dissolved solids (TDS), and the high initial and operational cost. Several developments have taken place in ICP MS, such as HR ICP MS, ICP-QQQ-MS, etc., to overcome the interference met during routine analysis.