Glutamatergic Neurotransmission and Toxicity: Domoic Acid and Kainic Acid (Glutamic Acid Analogs)

Abstract

Glutamate is one of the most important compounds within the body, well-known for its role as an excitatory neurotransmitter. Given the importance of glutamate within not only the central nervous system but also various other biochemical processes, the study of glutamatergic neurotransmission has garnered well-deserved attention throughout the scientific community. Most notably, the use of natural analogs of glutamate, such as domoic acid and kainic acid, has significantly improved our understanding of the mechanism of glutamate function. Our increased knowledge of glutamate has subsequently allowed for significant advances in understanding the etiology of various diseases, which is a necessary step in the development of more effective treatments. With the seemingly endless functions of glutamate, the study of glutamate analogs will continue to advance our knowledge of glutamatergic neurotransmission and its role in numerous adverse health conditions.