Mimicking Multicellular Features of the Tumor Microenvironment

Abstract

This chapter introduces and explores the key concepts for the design of three-dimensional (3D) models of the tumour microenvironment, with a focus on biomaterial-based multicellular systems. From a tissue engineering perspective, the tumour niche is deconstructed, and its biomechanical, biochemical and cellular aspects and their interrelationship are presented. We discuss advances in the development of extracellular matrix-like biomaterials and microfluidic devices multicellular 3D cultures to mimic key features of tumour tissues, for example the vascularisation, metabolic and inflammatory profiles. Lastly, we outline the perspectives for controllable and reproducible 3D models for preclinical applications.