1. School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
2. Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
3. Microbiology Department, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
4. Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and the Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
5. National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS), National Biofilm Innovation Centre (NBIC), Mechanical Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, S017 1BJ, UK