Green Gasoline as a Commercial Liquid Fuel Throughout Asia, Europe and the USA: A Technical Review

Abstract

Green fuels are currently in the headlines throughout the world with respect to their sustainability and environmentally benign nature. Green gasoline, bioethanol and gasohol are some of the common names used for renewable gasoline. However, the composition and fuel properties of the different fuels differ even if they are eligible as candidates for substituting petroleum gasoline. Their sources of origin and pathways of formation also differ greatly. Ethanol is produced by biochemical processes whereas vegetable oil-based gasoline is produced by thermocatalytic processes. Depending on the availability of biomass resources and the advances in technology, different countries produce different types of biofuels. Their policies also differ greatly although the common goal is to use these fuels in spark-ignition engines as a substitute for petroleum gasoline. This chapter reviews the technological advances in commercial liquid fuels in Asia, Europe and the USA as a substitute for petroleum gasoline. Fuel economy and regulatory reforms in the different regions are reviewed in detail.