Affiliation:
1. Laboratory of Aquatic Chemistry, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete Polytechneioupolis, 73100 Chania Greece epsillakis@tuc.gr
Abstract
Headspace SPME (HS-SPME) sampling under reduced pressure conditions accelerates the extraction kinetics of analytes exhibiting long equilibration times via regular HS-SPME. At the same time, the extraction of analytes that reach equilibrium fast is not affected. In all optimized vacuum-assisted HS-SPME methods, extraction times are greatly reduced and/or sampling temperatures are substantially lower compared to the standard methodology. This Chapter gives an overview of the fundamental concepts describing the pressure dependence of HS-SPME. The discussion proceeds by presenting the synergistic effect of a vacuum and other important variables considered during HS-SPME method optimization. The practical aspects, applications, and current knowledge in the field are highlighted throughout the Chapter.
Publisher
The Royal Society of Chemistry