Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogens – a Global Concern

Abstract

The “wonder drugs” to fight microorganisms are antibiotics. For decades, a range of antibiotics has been employed therapeutically and preventatively in a number of industries, including agriculture and animal husbandry. There is uncertainty because certain germs are developing resistance to standard antibiotics. In recent years, antimicrobial resistance has grown to be a serious clinical issue on a global scale. With the discovery of antibiotics, infections were no longer a potentially lethal issue for medical workers. A considerable number of mobile genetic variations and important resistant genes, however, speed up the development of widespread antimicrobial resistance as a result of incorrect or excessive antibiotic usage. This chapter describes the causes, progression and recent status of antibiotic resistance, as well as its regulation, mechanisms, epidemiology, methods for detecting antimicrobial resistance genes in clinically significant bacteria and problems, by looking at the literature that has already been published. Antibiotic resistance is rising alarmingly. As medications lose their effectiveness, a rising number of illnesses, including gonorrhea, tuberculosis and pneumonia, are becoming harder to cure and frequently incurable. Antibiotic use is associated with infections that are resistant to them. The majority of the increase in resistant bacteria can be attributed to the abuse of antibiotics. Since there aren’t many treatments for difficult-to-treat, multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, there is a substantial risk of morbidity and mortality.