Identification and determination of selenocysteine, selenosugar, and other selenometabolites in turkey liver

Author:

Katarzyna Bierla1,Taylor Rachel M2,Szpunar Joanna1,Lobinski Ryszard134,Sunde Roger A2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France

2. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA

3. Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland

4. IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia

Abstract

Abstract Liver and other tissues accumulate selenium (Se) when animals are supplemented with high dietary Se as inorganic Se. To further study selenometabolites in Se-deficient, Se-adequate, and high-Se liver, turkey poults were fed 0, 0.4, and 5 μg Se g−1 diet as Na2SeO3 (Se(iv)) in a Se-deficient (0.005 μg Se g−1) diet for 28 days, and the effects of Se status determined using HPLC-ICP-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. No selenomethionine (SeMet) was detected in liver in turkeys fed either this true Se-deficient diet or supplemented with inorganic Se, showing that turkeys cannot synthesize SeMet de novo from inorganic Se. Selenocysteine (Sec) was also below the level of detection in Se-deficient liver, as expected in animals with negligible selenoprotein levels. Sec content in high Se liver only doubled as compared to Se-adequate liver, indicating that the 6-fold increase in liver Se was not due to increases in selenoproteins. What increased dramatically in high Se liver were low molecular weight (MW) selenometabolites: glutathione-, cysteine- and methyl-conjugates of the selenosugar, seleno-N-acetyl galactosamine (SeGalNac). Substantial Se in Se-adequate liver was present as selenosugars decorating general proteins via mixed-disulfide bonds. In high-Se liver, these “selenosugar-decorated” proteins comprised ∼50% of the Se in the water-soluble fraction, in addition to low MW selenometabolites. In summary, more Se is present as the selenosugar moiety in Se-adequate liver, mostly decorating general proteins, than is present as Sec in selenoproteins. With high Se supplementation, increased selenosugar formation occurs, further increasing selenosugar-decorated proteins, but also increasing selenosugar linked to low MW thiols.

Funder

National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Metals and Alloys,Biochemistry,Biomaterials,Biophysics,Chemistry (miscellaneous)

Reference46 articles.

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