Isolation and quantification of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists in human urine using membrane-assisted solvent extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Author:

Suárez-Oubiña Cristian1,Álvarez-Freire Iván2ORCID,Cabarcos Pamela2ORCID,Bermejo Ana María2,Bermejo-Barrera Pilar1,Moreda-Piñeiro Antonio1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Trace Element, Spectroscopy and Speciation Group (GETEE), Institute of Materials iMATUS, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida das Ciencias, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

2. Forensic Sciences Institute “Luís Concheiro” (INCIFOR), Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa de San Francisco, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Abstract

Membrane assisted solvent extraction (MASE) is an appealing environmental-friendly pre-treatment for isolating trace targets. MASE applicability in the forensic laboratory is demonstrated by assessing synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists in urine.

Funder

Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia

Xunta de Galicia

Publisher

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Subject

General Engineering,General Chemical Engineering,Analytical Chemistry

Reference36 articles.

1. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) , World Drug Report 2021 Drug Market Trends: Opioids, Cannabis , United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime , Wien , 2021 , https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/wdr-2021_booklet-3.html , accessed April 22nd 2022

2. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction , European Drug Report. Trends and Developments , 2021 . https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/edr/trends-developments/2021_en?msclkid=8dea71c9c53d11ecbb4d4a32c941c9ad , accessed April 22nd 2022

3. European Monitoring Centre of Drugs and Drug Addiction , Synthetic Cannabinoids in Europe – a Review , https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/rapid-communications/synthetic-cannabinoids-europe-review_en , accessed March 24th 2022

4. Bioanalytical methods for the determination of synthetic cannabinoids and metabolites in biological specimens

5. Synthetic cannabinoids in biological specimens: a review of current analytical methods and sample preparation techniques

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