Mechanistic origin of the time-dependence of the open-circuit voltage of a galvanic cell involving a ternary or higher compound

Abstract

The open-circuit voltage U of a galvanic cell involving a multinary, e.g., SrTi_1−xAl_xO_3−Δ is rendered time-dependent by introducing a secondary ionic carrier, e.g., H⁺ in addition to the primary one, O²⁻, due to decoupled relaxation of H and O.