1. Laser Sciences and Technology Branch
2. Applied Sciences Department
3. University of Technology
4. Baghdad
5. Iraq
6. Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department
7. College of Engineering
8. Al-Nahrain University
9. Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Centre
10. School of Science and Technology
11. Nottingham Trent University
12. Nottingham NG11 8NS
13. UK