Nonpharmacologic Approaches to Pain, Engorgement, and Plugging in Lactation: Applying Physical Therapy Techniques From Breast Cancer Care to Breastfeeding Patients

Abstract

IntroductionBreast and nipple pain is one of the most common reasons why mothers stop breastfeeding earlier than recommended. Once conditions such as subacute mastitis, oversupply, and dermatitis have been treated or ruled out, functional breast pain may persist.ReviewWe describe validated physical therapy techniques that may reduce chronic pain in breastfeeding. These techniques include lymphatic massage, reverse-pressure softening, kinesiology taping, neural mobilization, cupping, and therapeutic ultrasound.ConclusionWhile more commonly used in the breast cancer population after radiation and surgery, we propose these techniques may also prove efficacious in breastfeeding patients as well.