Virtual Reality Improves Functional Use of Vision in Persons With Albinism

Abstract

A number of technology-based low-vision aids have been tested and reported in the literature. Virtual reality (VR) assistive devices permit virtually limitless personalized customization of image qualities to meet the needs of each individual with low vision who is reading, using apps, or viewing videos on a computer screen. This study was aimed at evaluating visual acuity in a fully integrated, high-resolution VR-based environment. Twenty individuals with albinism (12 women and 8 men) were recruited in four cohorts, each of which was evaluated in sessions that were 6 months long. The participants were trained and tested with either an Oculus Quest VR headset or an Oculus Quest 2 VR headset, depending on their cohort membership. Two tests for visual acuity, using the Snellen chart and the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) chart, were administered to each participant at baseline using clinical protocols and at months 1 and 6 in VR with the Snellen and LogMAR charts presented at appropriate virtual distances. For both the Snellen and LogMAR tests, visual acuity was significantly better in VR at months 1 and 6 than at baseline when the participants were tested with or without corrective lenses. All participants agreed that VR could be useful for people with low vision. VR shows great promise for improving employment options for individuals with low vision.