Structure of a CutA1 divalent-cation tolerance protein fromCryptosporidium parvum, the protozoal parasite responsible for cryptosporidiosis

Abstract

Cryptosporidiosis is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites of theCryptosporidiumgenus. Infection is associated with mild to severe diarrhea that usually resolves spontaneously in healthy human adults, but may lead to severe complications in young children and in immunocompromised patients. The genome ofC. parvumcontains a gene, CUTA_CRYPI, that may play a role in regulating the intracellular concentration of copper, which is a toxic element in excess. Here, the crystal structure of this CutA1 protein,Cp-CutA1, is reported at 2.0 Å resolution. As observed for other CutA1 structures, the 117-residue protein is a trimer with a core ferrodoxin-like fold. Circular dichroism spectroscopy shows little, in any, unfolding ofCp-CutA1 up to 353 K. This robustness is corroborated by1H–15N HSQC spectra at 333 K, which are characteristic of a folded protein, suggesting that NMR spectroscopy may be a useful tool to further probe the function of the CutA1 proteins. While robust,Cp-CutA1 is not as stable as the homologous protein from a hyperthermophile, perhaps owing to a wide β-bulge in β2 that protrudes Pro48 and Ser49 outside the β-sheet.