Structures and phase transitions of the A 7PSe6 (A = Ag, Cu) argyrodite-type ionic conductors. III. α-Cu7PSe6

Abstract

The crystal structure of the third polymorph of the Cu7PSe6 argyrodite compound, α-Cu7PSe6, heptacopper phosphorus hexaselenide, is determined by means of single-crystal diffraction from twinned crystals and X-ray powder diffraction, with the help of extensive NMR measurements. In the low-temperature form, i.e. below the last phase transition, α-Cu7PSe6 crystallizes in orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pna21, with a = 14.3179 (4), b = 7.1112 (2), c = 10.1023 (3) Å, V = 1028.590 (9) Å3 (deduced from powder data, T = 173 K) and Z  = 4. Taking into account a twinning by reticular merohedry, the refinement of the α-Cu7PSe6 structure leads to the residual factors R = 0.0466 and wR = 0.0486 for 127 parameters and 3714 observed, independent reflections (single-crystal data, T = 173 K). A full localization of the Cu+ d 10 element is reached with one twofold-, one threefold- and five fourfold-coordinated Cu atoms. The observation of two phase transitions for Cu7PSe6, to be compared with only one for Ag7PSe6, is attributed to the d 10 element stability in a low coordination environment, copper being less prone to lower coordination sites than silver, especially at low temperature.