This chapter engages with the very first political concept—certainly in name, if nothing else. It demonstrates how, from its initial invocation (from its archē, as it were), this concept renders any notions of the first, or of the one, impossible, indeterminable, an-archic. In this sense, though the word being is examined is archē, the political concept that the author substantially engages with and cares about is “anarchy,” whose elemental significance is inherent in the archaic conceptualization of archē. This is the archaic conceptualization that is of interest here. The author weaves a thread around four instances of the notion in the Greek philosophical vocabulary, two phrases in Aristotle, one in Herodotus, and the famous passage known as the Anaximander fragment.