The relationship between demographics and reactions during endoscopy under moderate sedation.

Abstract

Objective: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopic procedures are performed under varying levels of anesthesia, with moderate sedation commonly utilized. However, some patients may exhibit reactions such as coughing, retching, and struggling, potentially affecting procedure quality. This study aims to investigate the relationship between patient characteristics and demographic variables and the occurrence of these reactions during UGI endoscopy under moderate sedation. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included patients scheduled for UGI endoscopy under moderate sedation. Patient reactions, including coughing, retching, and struggling, were documented during the procedure. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of reactions, and demographic characteristics were compared between groups. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Results: Between December 2021 and May 2022, 79 patients (44 female, 35 male) were enrolled, with 51.9% experiencing reactions during UGI endoscopy. Coughing was the most common reaction (65%), followed by struggling with the scope (52.5%) and retching (47.5%). Procedure cancellation due to intolerance occurred in 12.2% of cases. No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of demographic variables or medical history. Additionally, no cardiac or pulmonary complications were reported. Conclusion: Moderate sedation appears to be safe and effective for UGI endoscopy, facilitating adequate visualization of the UGI system while ensuring patient comfort. The occurrence of patient reactions during the procedure does not appear to be significantly influenced by demographic or clinical characteristics. Ensuring appropriate sedation levels remains essential for optimizing procedural quality and patient experience.