Evaluation of Anxiety Levels in Patients Undergoing Intravitreal Injection for Diabetic Macular Edema

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aimed to analyze the anxiety levels of patients regarding intravitreal injection (IVI) using the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) and to evaluate the effect of repeated injections on anxiety levels. Methods: Between September 01, 2023 and January 10, 2024, 85 patients who underwent intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection for diabetic macular edema in our clinic were included in this study. Results: According to APAIS scores, mean anesthesia anxiety was 5.4±2.6, surgical anxiety was 5.1±2.6 and total anxiety score was 10.5±3.7. Anesthesia information need was 2.7±0.95, surgical information need was 2.6±1.14 and total information need score was 5.3±1.50. There was no significant difference between genders in terms of total and subgroup scores (p>0.05, all). No significant correlation was found in the correlation analysis between age and number of injections and APAIS scores (subdimensions and total) (p>0.05, all). Conclusion: In conclusion, the potential anxiety of patients before and during intravitreal injection should be considered. In addition, since IVI often involves repeated treatments, it is of great importance to identify modifiable factors that may reduce anxiety. Given the importance of compliance, premedication may be considered to reduce anxiety, especially in high-risk (high preoperative anxiety) patients. Comprehensive explanations about treatment and well-structured processes are crucial for long-term adherence to anti-VEGF therapy.