REINTEGRATION AND SOCIAL INCLUSION OF VETERANS AS A FACTOR OF HUMAN CAPITAL RECONSTRUCTION UNDER THE MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY

Abstract

The article emphasizes the growing attention of the scientific community, state authorities and administration to the processes of reintegration and social inclusion of war veterans in all spheres of public life. It is emphasized that these processes of reintegration and social inclusion of war veterans are important for the reproduction of national human capital and macroeconomic stabilization of the Ukrainian economy. The structure of war veterans is considered and the share of different categories of war veterans from their total number is determined. It is summarized that a significant part of them may feel social isolation from society and expands the number of exclusive members of society. Groups of war veterans problems are classified in this article, namely: firstly – problems of deterioration of their physical and/or mental health; secondly – employment problems; thirdly – problems of their socialization. The expansion of the range of war veteran’s problems under the full-scale war and macroeconomic instability emphasizes the urgency of creating appropriate conditions for their socio-psychological, economic reintegration and social inclusion in civilian life. In this article, reintegration is considered as a process of adjustment, adaptation of war veterans to civilian life, and social inclusion is defined as a process of involving war veterans in all spheres of public life (economic, social, political, civil). It is proposed to use a comprehensive approach to the processes of reintegration and social inclusion of war veterans. It was found that at the microeconomic level, veterans' families, as well as territorial communities, play an important role in the adaptation and inclusion of war veterans into civilian life, while at the macroeconomic level, this role is assigned to the state and its main institutions. It is proposed to use the progressive experience of countries that have previously participated in military conflicts and have time-tested and effective tools of socio-economic and physical-psychological support for war participants and war veterans.