Cognitive impairment in COVID-19 survivors

Abstract

A new 2019 coronavirus disease has been spreading worldwide for more than a year, with a high risk of infection and death. Various sequelae and complications can develop in COVID-19 survivors, lasting from several weeks to several months after initial recovery, affecting different organs and systems. Various sequelae and complications can occur in COVID-19 survivors not only in adults and the elderly, but also in young people. A wide range of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are now described in the available literature. The incidence of selected neurological symptoms, syndromes and nosological forms in individuals both in the acute period of COVID-19 disease and in the short- and long-term follow-up of these patients is presented. In this article, cognitive impairments occurring in individuals who have had coronavirus disease are discussed in depth. Data on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in different regions and at different periods of the disease are presented. The main possible pathophysiological processes and risk factors for the development of cognitive impairment in COVID-19 are described. Possible ways of drug and non-drug rehabilitation of patients with cognitive impairment in coronavirus infection that is a new problem of modern medicine are considered. Attention is also paid to neuroprotection as one of the therapy areas.