Possibilities of using multidirectional immunomodulators for acute and recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

Abstract

In many countries, with the prevention of acute respiratory diseases in children and adults, the use of various types of biologically active substances of natural and synthetic origin, called immunostimulants of various mechanisms of action, has been introduced. The purpose of this article is to provide a useful overview of main roles of available immunostimulants and their potential for use in inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The article discusses aspects of the clinical use of immunomodulatory drugs in acute and recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (SARS-CoV-2 included). The mechanisms of action of immunomodulators on the immune system are briefly outlined. On the drug Imunorix the evidence base of mechanisms of correction of the immune system in respiratory diseases of the upper respiratory tract is given, as well as the analysis of the clinical efficacy of drug. The use of immunostimulator to increase the level of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) and subpopulations of T-lymphocytes (CD3 +, CD4 +). Also, the use of the drug has shown its usefulness in the appointment of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infectious diseases. This article also provides an overview of recent clinical studies of drug. Researchers from various countries have tried to better clarify and define the mechanisms of action of immunostimulator both in vitro and in vivo. Of course, the improvement in research methodology over the past 20 years, and the acquired knowledge in various areas of clinical immunology, should become the starting point for further research on the drug. Randomized controlled trials of the trial use of the drug in the prevention of acute respiratory infections.