Vitamin D is a strategic blow to coronavirus infection

Abstract

The world is in the grip of the pandemic of the new viral infection COVID-19. The number of patients around the world is not only not decreasing, but also progressively increasing. Treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 is a major global healthcare challenge. Effective and safe methods of treatment and prevention are urgently needed that can reduce the risk of infection, reduce the risk of developing the infectious process and mortality from this serious disease in addition to quarantine. Vitamin D is known for its classic role in maintaining bone mineral density. Currently, his contribution has been more and more studied. For example, the immune system is important, as well as adaptive immunity and regulation of the inflammatory cascade. In these reviews, the mechanisms of the effect of vitamin D on cellular and humoral immunity and direct antiviral defense of the body were discovered, and its potential modules – the role in vaccine immunogenicity. The data of observational and randomized clinical trials proving the positive effect of colecalciferol on the frequency and severity of seasonal viral respiratory diseases are presented. The mechanism of penetration and development of coronavirus in the human body, changes in the immune system and humoral factors of the body’s defense against the background of the course of SARS-CoV-2. Coronavirus and more severe course is an infectious process depending on age and associated diseases. In this article, we analyze and summarize the data of modern studies, in which it is proved that the level of vitamin D in the blood has a beneficial effect on the content of vitamins D in the body’s immune and antiviral defense and its role in reducing the risk of infection and the severity of pathological diseases, including COVID-19. Discussion of the doses and regimens of vitamin D therapy against viral infections, including COVID-19, is based on the experience of previous and ongoing studies and guidelines.