Phenylpiracetam: molecular mechanisms of effects in obesity

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS), including hyperlipidemia and obesity, is a proven risk factor not only for cerebrovascular diseases. Obesity is a dangerous comorbid condition in patients, complicating cerebrovascular pathology, asthenic conditions, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, alcoholism and other diseases accompanied by dysmetabolic disorders. Fundamental and clinical studies of the nootropic fonturacetam (Actitropil) have shown that the drug can be used not only for a wide range of cerebrovascular diseases, asthenia, etc., but also for obesity. The mechanisms of action of fonturacetam in producing pharmacological effects that reduce excess appetite and prevent the accumulation of excess body weight were studied in chemoreactomic analysis. Regulation of the metabolic effectiveness of Phenylpiracetam is based on multi-level correction of target transmitters and receptors that control the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates (influence on leptin, cannabinoid receptors, adrenoreceptors, peroxisome receptors). Phenylpiracetam activates the adrenaline, adenosine, glucagon-like peptide, sphingosine phosphate and peroxisome proliferators (PPARG) receptors and inhibits the cannabinoid, opioid, histamine, glutamate, nociceptin, orexin, neuropeptide Y receptors. The resulting pharmacological properties indicate important pathophysiological effects of phenylpiracetam for the treatment of obesity. A decrease in the rate of fat mass gain when taking Phenylpiracetam is noted due to an improvement in the quality of night sleep. Chemoreactomic analysis of Actitropil indicated new molecular mechanisms of the pharmacological action of the molecule, which reduces excess appetite and prevents the accumulation of excess body weight. Phenylpiracetam (Actitropil) is distinguished by a balance of effectiveness, a high safety profile with no addiction to the drug and safety. Thus, Phenylpiracetam is a racetam that exhibits nootropic, antiasthenic and lipotropic effects.