Mesenchymal stromal cells based bioengineered implants in vocal folds and tympanic membrane restoration (рilot experimental results)

Abstract

Introduction. One of the most pressing issues of modern otorhinolaryngology is the problem of the formation of persistent defects of the vocal cords and tympanic membrane. This state of affairs is due to the variety of reasons that cause the development of these conditions, as well as the fact that the treatment of these processes, as a rule, is a technically complex task and is not always effective.Aim. Experimental evaluation of the possibility of using bioengineered implants based on MSCs, PEG-fibrin gel and collagen matrix to restore defects in vibrating tissues of ENT organs – vocal folds and tympanic membrane.Materials and methods. For the experiment on vocal fold restoration, 6 rabbits were selected, divided equally into 2 groups. After the formation of the vocal fold scar, a bioequivalent was implanted: spheroids based on MSCs + PEG-fibrin gel (group – VF-spheroids, n = 3) in a volume of 0.5 ml, for the control group, the role of bioequivalent was performed by saline solution (VF-control group, n = 3). For the eardrum repair experiment, 6 chinchillas were selected, divided equally into 2 groups. At the first stage, a persistent chronic perforation was created, on which either no intervention was carried out (ED-control group, n = 3), or the perforation was closed using a bioequivalent based on MSC spheroids, PEG-fibrin gel and collagen matrix (ED-spheroid group, n = 3).Results and discussion. Endoscopic and morphological examination revealed a more complete restoration of tissue structure in the treatment groups compared to the control groups.Conclusion. Implantation of the developed bioequivalents in the sites of vocal fold and tympanic membrane injury leads to the formation of tissue morphologically similar to the structure of intact structures.