Methods of rosacea treatment to achieve stable remission in a megalopolis

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the aspects of rosacea therapy in a megalopolis, where a dermatological service is widely developed and it is possible to provide modern diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. Rosacea negatively affects the emotional state of patients, and low awareness of chronic dermatoses often leads to self-medication and skin deterioration. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease have not been fully studied. Both genetic predisposition and environmental factors contribute to the occurrence of rosacea. A number of studies confirm that the triggers can be ultraviolet radiation, stress, intense physical activity, temperature changes, dietary characteristics, imbalance of the intestinal microbiota, alcohol consumption. Every day, residents of megalopolises face a combination of these factors, which combined with genetically determined features of the epidermal barrier and immune function, makes them more susceptible to rosacea and other skin diseases. The multifactorial nature of rosacea causes a variety of treatment methods that must be individualized in accordance with the clinical picture of the disease. With mild to moderate rosacea, monotherapy with external drugs is effective – azelaic acid, brimonidine tartrate, ivermectin, metronidazole. For the treatment of severe forms of rosacea, it is advisable to prescribe systemic therapy from groups of retinoids and antibiotics. The results of numerous studies are presented that physiotherapy methods which are available in large cities increase the effectiveness of treatment by reducing erythema and telangiectasia, enhancing repair and microcirculation in the epidermis. The accumulated experience of Russian dermatologists and foreign colleagues allows to determine the most effective combinations of treatment methods to achieve stable remission in patients.