Variability of the intestinal microbiota in children with of noninfectious diseases

Abstract

The review article is devoted to the problem of the variability of the intestinal microbiota in children with various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of non-infectious origin, which is one of the current areas of modern pediatric gastroenterology. More often, in practical pediatrics, during the treatment of non-infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, doctors often do not prescribe medications for the intestinal microbiota. In connection with this, complications subsequently develop in functional activity in this system, which is most often classified as a separate, unrelated pathology. The scientific articles by Russian and foreign authors devoted to the study of intestinal microbiota variability in children with non-infectious diseases of various origins were analyzed. According to the results of the study, it was noted that in non-infectious inflammatory processes, as a result of endogenous and exogenous factors, there is a decrease in the quantity and quality of microorganisms, mainly producing SCFA, which affects the course of the underlying disease. At the same time, the question of rational prescription of biotechnological and gene therapeutic drugs, together with traditional drugs containing live bacteria and substances that provide the necessary conditions for the growth and development of normal intestinal microbiota (pro-, pre-, syn- and symbiotics), also remains open. Analysis of scientific and literary data has shown that in children with non-infectious gastrointestinal diseases of various origins, there is a decrease in the quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota due to microorganisms producing SCFA, such as Clostridium spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, against the background of a decrease in probiotic bacteria. These changes lead to disproportions in the qualitative composition of the intestinal microbiota. Therefore, these patients should be treated with biologics containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Bifidobacteria.