Medical support of rehabilitation of stroke patients: the role of GABA-ergic drugs

Abstract

Introduction. The relevance of neuroprotective therapy in patients with cerebral stroke (CS) is due to its high prevalence, as well as the need  for the maximum possible  restoration of damaged  structures and functions  of the central  nervous system (CNS).Аim. Тo evaluate the  clinical  efficacy  and  nicotinoyl  gamma-aminobutyric  acid  tolerance in  the  complex  rehabilitation of patients in the late recovery and chronic periods  of ischemic stroke (IS) in outpatient stage.Materials and methods.  110 patients in the  late  recovery period  (LRP) and the  residual  period  of IS, 57 women  and 43 men, average  age 58.0 ± 9.74 years, were observed. The duration  of the stroke was on average  214 ± 28 days in PVP-patients  and 428 ± 47 days for the residual  period. All patients included  in the study received  a standard medical  rehabilitation program. Two main groups included  30 patients in LRP and the residual  period of IS, who treated with nicotinoyl gammaaminobutyric. Two control  groups included  30 patients in LRP and 20 patients in the  residual  period  of IS, who recievedonly  the  standard medical rehabilitation program.Results. The complex  of rehabilitation with  the  inclusion  of nicotinoyl  gamma-aminobutyric acid  (picamilon)  significantly improved  the  indicators  of neurodynamic  (p < 0.05) and regulatory  functions  (p < 0.05) in the  main subgroups  on the  MoCA scale, emotional status  (p > 0.05 on the Beck scale), general  well-being, activity, mood (WAM scale) and basic functional  activity (the average  Bartel index  at the  end  of the  study was 82.6 ± 3.5 in the  main  groups, p < 0.05). The clinical  effect  was observed  after a month of the therapy and persisted until the end of the study.Conclusion. The inclusion  of neuroprotective therapy  in the  complex  rehabilitation leads  to earlier  neuropsychological and social adaptation of the patient, regression of fatigue, which is probably associated with an increase  in neuroplastic and regulatory brain processes.