Using of herbal mucolytics in the complex therapy of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a polyetiological heterogeneous disease that is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. The clinical picture of this pathology may include nasal congestion and rhinorrhea. Studies on the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis have yielded insufficient results, however, a number of factors that predispose to the development of this disease are currently identified according to clinical guidelines. Among these are both anatomical anomalies and some chronic diseases (rhinitis, atopy), immune system disorders (immunodeficiencies), etc. Mucoactive drugs are used in the treatment of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis to restore the transport function of the upper respiratory tract epithelium. Their mechanism of action is aimed at restoring mucociliary clearance. This therapy also affects the viscous discharge, which is produced during rhinosinusitis and accumulates in the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity, worsening the course of the inflammatory process. Specialists distinguish the following forms of mucoactive drugs: mucolytics, mucokinetics and mucoregulators. The article considers the aspects of the clinical use of herbal mucolytics for the treatment of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, in the pathogenesis of which the nasal mucosa edema plays a key role. The authors summarise the most conclusive evidence to date on the need to use herbal mucolytics in the complex therapy of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. The modern topical therapy of acute and chronic rhinosinusitis in the otorhinolaryngology practice is presented. Herbal medicinal products have a proven secretolytic and anti-inflammatory effect, accelerate the relief of symptoms and reduce the recovery time of patients. The clinical guidelines recommend to prescribe these drugs in addition to the complex therapy of rhinosinusitis to patients suffering from ARS and CRS, who has no contraindications.