Study of Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in South Chennai Population.

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is caused by the decreased utilization of glucose by tissues and is attributed either to hypoinsulinemia or hyperinsulinemia induced by the overstimulation of insulin-secreting beta cells. Patients with diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia are prone to Metabolic syndrome. The study aims to estimate and compare the lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy individuals. This case-control study was undertaken in type II Diabetic patients, where 48 were male, and 45 were female. The diabetic subjects were compared with 33 male and 55 Healthy female subjects who volunteered as controls. Venous blood samples from healthy and diabetic subjects were collected and used to measure routine parameters such as fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar(PPBS), Total cholesterol, HDL, and TGL. The Fasting Plasma Glucose and post-prandial glucose were significantly increased among diabetic subjects than the healthy controls. The triglyceride levels in cases had elevated levels in comparison to controls. HDL showed a marginal decrease in the diabetic group than the control group. Mean LDL levels in people with diabetes increase compared to the healthy controls. Besides, the VLDL levels also significantly increased among people with diabetes. There was a substantial increase in FBS and PPBS levels among the diabetic subjects compared to the healthy controls. The lipid profile constituting Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL and VLDL levels showed the following changes: There was a significant increase in Total cholesterol, TGL, VLDL, and LDL levels, whereas the HDL levels were decreased among the diabetic subjects. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus must keep their blood sugar levels under control through follow-ups because uncontrolled diabetes mellitus leads to lipid dysfunction, which ultimately increases the risk of coronary artery disease. Keywords: , , Triglyceride (TGL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL).