Optimizing Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The Role of Platinum

Abstract

Although characterization of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using mRNA gene expression profiling has certainly provided important insights, the concept of targeting DNA repair defects with DNA damaging therapeutics such as platinum in TNBC has been advanced from studies focusing on both germline and somatic genetic alterations associated with this breast cancer subtype. A growing body of preclinical and clinical data suggests that platinum chemotherapy has a potential role to play in the treatment of both early-stage and advanced TNBC, though results are not yet definitive. Randomized clinical trials that incorporate biomarkers of response, including germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status as well as tumor-based measures of genomic “scarring” resulting from the accumulation of DNA damage in tumors with deficient repair capacity, will help to clarify the optimal use and activity of platinum in TNBC.