1. FAO Crops and livestock products 2023. FAOSTAT https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (2023).
2. USDA Livestock Slaughter Summary (USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, 2022).
3. Rotz, A., Asem-Hiablie, S., Place, S. & Thoma, G. Environmental footprints of beef cattle production in the United States. Agric. Syst. 169, 1–13 (2019).
4. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2021 (US EPA, 2022).
5. Since 1970 Increasing Cattle Weights Have Fueled Growth of US Beef Production as Cattle Used Have Decreased (USDA, 2019); https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/gallery/chart-detail/?chartId=93225