1. Arnett, R. H. American insects: a handbook of the insects of America north of Mexico. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA. 1.003 p (2000).
2. Goodchild, A. J. P. Evolution of the alimentary canal in the Hemiptera. Biol. Rev. 41, 97–140 (1966).
3. Borror, D. J., Triplehorn, C. A. & Johnson, N. F. An introduction to the study of insects. Saunders College Publishing. (1989).
4. Kristensen, N. P. Phylogeny of extant hexapods. In: CSIRO (ed) The insects of Australia. A textbook for students and research workers, Vol I, 2nd ed. Melbourne University Press, Carlton, p 125 (1991).
5. Carpenter, F. M. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Vol 3, Superclass Hexapoda. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, and the University of Kansas, Lawrence, KA (1992).