Commonality and variation in mental representations of music revealed by a cross-cultural comparison of rhythm priors in 15 countries

Author:

Jacoby NoriORCID,Polak RainerORCID,Grahn Jessica A.ORCID,Cameron Daniel J.,Lee Kyung Myun,Godoy Ricardo,Undurraga Eduardo A.ORCID,Huanca Tomás,Thalwitzer TimonORCID,Doumbia NoumoukéORCID,Goldberg DanielORCID,Margulis Elizabeth H.ORCID,Wong Patrick C. M.ORCID,Jure Luis,Rocamora MartínORCID,Fujii ShinyaORCID,Savage Patrick E.ORCID,Ajimi Jun,Konno Rei,Oishi Sho,Jakubowski KellyORCID,Holzapfel AndreORCID,Mungan EsraORCID,Kaya EceORCID,Rao Preeti,Rohit Mattur A.,Alladi Suvarna,Tarr Bronwyn,Anglada-Tort ManuelORCID,Harrison Peter M. C.ORCID,McPherson Malinda J.ORCID,Dolan Sophie,Durango Alex,McDermott Josh H.ORCID

Abstract

AbstractMusic is present in every known society but varies from place to place. What, if anything, is universal to music cognition? We measured a signature of mental representations of rhythm in 39 participant groups in 15 countries, spanning urban societies and Indigenous populations. Listeners reproduced random ‘seed’ rhythms; their reproductions were fed back as the stimulus (as in the game of ‘telephone’), such that their biases (the prior) could be estimated from the distribution of reproductions. Every tested group showed a sparse prior with peaks at integer-ratio rhythms. However, the importance of different integer ratios varied across groups, often reflecting local musical practices. Our results suggest a common feature of music cognition: discrete rhythm ‘categories’ at small-integer ratios. These discrete representations plausibly stabilize musical systems in the face of cultural transmission but interact with culture-specific traditions to yield the diversity that is evident when mental representations are probed across many cultures.

Funder

James S. McDonnell Foundation

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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