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2. Willstätter, R., Wolfes, O., and Mäder, K., Lieb. Ann., 434, 111 (1923).
3. Einhorn, A., and Marquardt, A., Berichte, 23, 468 (1890).
4. However, Toivonen, N. J., et al., Acta Chem. Scand., 3, 991 (1949), made use recently of the stereospecific formation of chloralids in deciding upon the configuration of a β-hydroxy acid.
5. Alexander, E. R., “Principles of Ionic Organic Reactions”, 64 (Chapman and Hall, London, 1950); cf. Wheland, G. W., “Advanced Organic Chemistry”, 525 (Chapman and Hall, London, 1949).